Apparatus for production of carbon black



AFEARATUS FOR PRODUCTION OF CARBON BLACK Original Filed Jan...

Patented Aug'. 16, 1938 UNITED 'STATES -PATENT OFFIC Harry A. Toulmin,Jr., Dayton, Ohio, assignor, by

mesne assignments, to Commonwealth Engineering Corporation, Wilmington,Del., a corporation' of Delaware Original applica-tion January 11, 1935,Serial No. 1,353. Divided and this application February 19, 1936, SerialNo. 64,650

12 Claims.

This invention relates to an apparatus for thev production of carbonblack.

It is the object of the invention to increase the -production of carbonblack, and to improve the quality of carbon black. l

It is an object to provide for the removal oi the carbon from the gasflame, and for removing the carbon as deposited on the collector platefrom the vicinity of the gas flame. to thereby increase the quantity ofcarbon black and improve its quality.

In particular, it is the object of the invention to effect this removalby vibration of the flame, of the air in which the flame is located, andthe plate on which the carbon black is collected. Any one or more ofsuch media can be so vibrated.V

It is the object of this invention to provide a very high rate ofvibration, preferablyI and vi'- brations of very short wave length.

`It is an object to provide sonic vibrations for this purpose. I havefound that, in particular, sonic vibrations of the wavelength of 300 mu.materially increase the deposition of carbon from a gas flame. Iparticularly find useful supersonic waves of high intensity for thispurpose.

This application is a division of my application Serial No. 1,353, filedJanuary 1l, 1935, now Patent No. 2,087,391, issued July 20, 1937.

Referring to the drawing:

Figure l is a diagrammatic view in vertical section of the apparatusemployed, in which the air has imparted to it sonic vibrations.

Figure 2 is a vertical section through a modified form of applying sonicwaves to the air confined in the area of the gas flame.

Figure 3 illustrates a vertical section through a form in which thesonic vibrations are directly applied to the plate on which the carbonblack is collected.

Figure 4 is a vertical section through a modification showing thearrangement of the collector plate in the flame, bisecting the llame.

Referringto the drawing in detail, I designates a source of gas supplyhaving a flame 2, which impinges upon a collector plate 3, and which isinclosed within the walls 4. The bottom of the box formed by the walls 4and plate 3 is provided with an opening 5 for receiving the vibrationsfrom the sonic vibrator plate 6 mounted on the glass tube 'I. This tubeis mounted upon the quartz crystal sonic vibrator 8, which is immersedin an oil bath -9 in the container I0. The wires II and I2 lead fromsonic vibration apparatus, designated I3. Such an apparatus may be ofany desired character, but I have found that set .l forth and describedin the patent of Alfred L. Loomis and Robert Williams Wood, No.1,734,975, of November 12, 1929 satisfactory.

I have4 found that by producing in any manner compression waves of highfrequency and applying such waves to the gas flame, the air surroundingthe gas flame or the collector plate will materially improve theproduction of carbon black. This is apparently due to the fact that thecarbon black is`removed rapidly from the combustion zone of the flame toa point where it will not be affected by the flame, and therefore thehigh loss, either in the flame or due to the impingement ofl the flameon carbon black deposited cn the collector plate, is eliminated.

The essence of my method is the formation of free carbon in the flame bycombustion of the gas in the presence of another gas, and the rapid fmechanical extraction from the zone of the flame where it will becombustible into the zone of the other gas, where it is not combustible,thereby preserving the integrity of the deposit.

It is obvious that this invention is applicable to other uses than thatof removing carbon black from a llame, and is adaptable to the use ofcausing the deposit of material in one gas stream into another gasstream, or into some other place of collection.

Referring to Figure 2, it will be noted that the sonic vibrators il areapplied on the side walls t. Bya careful adjustment of the rate ofvibration of these sonic vibrators, either in synchronism with oneanother or out of synchronism with one another, and the adjustment ofthe size of the flame and the amount of the air admitted to the presenceof the flame, the carbon black can be controlled as to its quantity andquality. In this form the carbon black impinging upon the collectorplate, which in this instance is the plate 3, is collected in the troughI 'Iurning to Figure 3, there will be seen in this form the use of' thesonic vibrator and the liquid as the direct support for the collectorplate, and therefore the sonic vibrations are applied directly to thecollector plate, designated in this view I5. The flame 2 having thecarbon area Zw impinges upon the plate I5, which is mounted over thfcoil bath 9, that is set in motion by the sonic vibrator 8. If desired,this oil 9 may be circulated through the pipes 9a and 9b in order tomaintain the temperature of the plate I5 at the desired point. Thecarbon black is deposited in the trough I4, due to the vibrations whichcause it to collect not only on the plate I5 but also to descend intothe trough I4.

The form shown in Figure 3 is. of course, associated with an inclosureto regulate the amount of airadmitted to the flame in order to get theusual `conditions for the production of carbon black.

In Figure 4 a sonic vibrator plate Il is shown suspended in the flamebisecting the carbon area 2a. This is another form that is advantageousunder certain conditions, particularly where there is a plurality offlames burning in a single inclosure.

In the practice of this invention the quantity and the quality of thecarbon black can be controlled by the rate olf-vibration, the locationof the vibration means, the control of the size of the gas flame, theamount of air admitted to the chamber in which the flame is located, andthe location of the source of supersonic vibrations with respect to thecollector plate. the flame and the gas in which the flame is burning. Ihave found .that supersonic acoustic waves increase the production ofcarbon black.

I desire to comprehend within my invention such modifications as may beembraced within my claims and the scope of my invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desireto secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In an apparatus foriproducing carbon black, a container having aburner means for producing a gas flame, a collector plate for collectingcarbon black from the gas flame, and means for imparting supersonicmechanical waves to the gaseous contents of the container and the flame.

2. In an apparatus for producing carbon black,

means for producing a gaseous carbon flame in a controlled atmosphericinclosure, a collector plate, and means for imparting to the collectorplate mechanical compression waves of high frequency, which aresubstantially inaudible.

3. In combination, burner means for producing a gas flame containingcarbon black particles, a collector plate for recovering said carbonblack particles, and vibration means for imparting substantiallyinaudible high frequency mechanical compression waves to the area inwhich the flame is burning. v

4. In an apparatus for producing carbon black, a container, burner meansfor producing a gas flame within the container, means for restrictingthe air in the container in its movement around the gas flame, and meansfor imparting supersonic mechanical compression waves to the gas flameand the air surrounding it.

5. In an apparatus for producing carbon black, a container, burner meansfor producing a gas flame within the container, means for restrictingthe air in the container in its movement around the gas flame, means forimparting supersonic mechanical compression waves to the gas flame andthe air surrounding it, andv means for vibrating the walls of thecontainer to produce the supersonic waves in the gaseous contents of thecontainer.

6. In an apparatus for producing carbon black, a container, means forproducing a gas flame within the container, means for restricting theair in the container in its movement around the gas flame, means forimparting supersonic mechanical compression waves to the gas flame andthe air surrounding it, means for vibrating the walls of the containerto produce the supersonic waves in the gaseous contents of thecontainer,

and electrical means for producing the vibrations oi' the walls of thecontainer.

7. In an apparatus for producing carbon black, burner means forproducing a gas flame containing carbon black particles, a plateinterposed in said flame, and means of mechanically vibrating said plateto produce supersonic waves to cause such a vibration in the flame as tomechanically shake out of the flame the carbon black produced thereby.

8. In an apparatus for producing carbon black. burner means forproducing a flame comprising particles of carbon black, means containingair surrounding said flame, and means of mechanically vibrating saidcontainer and the gaseous contents thereof, said means comprising asupersonic electrically actuated vibrator and a liquid medium,interposed between said vibrator and said containing means.

9. In an apparatus for producing carbon black, burner means forproducing a gas flame. a plate associated therewith adapted to causesaid flame to vibrate, a body of liquid in vibration-transmittingrelationship with said plate, and an electrically actuated supersoniccrystal mechanical vibrator-'immersed in said liquid whereby the plateand gaseous flame are mechanically vlbrated and carbon black produced bythe flame is deposited therefrom.

l0. In an apparatus for producing carbon black, burner means forproducing a gas flame, a plate associated therewith adapted to causesaid flame to vibrate. a body of liquid in vibration-transmittingrelationship with said plate, an electrically actuated supersoniccrystal mechanical vibrator immersed in said liquid whereby the plateand gaseous flame are mechanically vibratedand carbon black produced bythe flame is deposited therefrom, and means for circulating said liquidso as to regulate the temperature thereof.

11. In an apparatus for manufacturing carbon. black, burner means forproducing a carbon black emitting gas flame, a member having aflamecontacting surface means of confining a body of air around saidflame, and means for imparting supersonic mechanical vibration waves tosaid flame and the body of gas surrounding it comprising an electricallyactuated supersonic mechanical vibrator and an interposed body of liquidin vibration-transmitting relationship with said member and adapted totransmit the electrical vibrations into mechanical vibrations forlactuating the flame and the body of gas surrounding it.

l2. In an apparatus for producing carbon black, burner means forproducing a carbon black-emitting gas flame, plates on either side ofsaid flame, and means for producing supersonic mechanical vibrations onsaid plates whereby the air surrounding the flame and the flame will bevibrated t; cuse the deposition from the flame of carbon HARRY A.TOULMIN, Jn.

